Da farko dai, duka ruwa-tushen ruwa da mai-tushen hakowa ruwaye suna da abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani, kuma sun dace da daban-daban stratigraphic yanayi.Saboda haka, babu wani maɗaukaki ko ƙanƙanci, kuma ba zai yiwu a ce ga son rai a ce wane ne yanayin ci gaban gaba ba.API da IDC sun rarraba tsarin ruwan hakowa zuwa nau'i tara, nau'ikan nau'ikan bakwai na farko sune ruwan hakowa na ruwa, nau'in na takwas kuma ruwan hakowa mai tushen mai, nau'in na ƙarshe kuma shine iskar gas a matsayin matsakaicin matsakaici.Tsarin da ba ya watsewa, 2, tsarin watsawa, 3, tsarin kula da alli, 4, tsarin polymer, 5, tsarin ƙarancin ƙarfi, 6, tsarin cikakken brine, 7, tsarin tsarin ruwa mai cikawa, 8, tsarin hakowa mai tushe, 9, iska, hazo, kumfa da tsarin gas.
Ruwan hakowa na tushen ruwa yana da fa'idodi na ƙananan farashi, sauƙi mai sauƙi, jiyya da kiyayewa, babban tushen magani, nau'ikan nau'ikan da ke akwai don zaɓi, sauƙin sarrafa aikin, da dai sauransu, kazalika da kyakkyawan tasirin kariya na mai da gas Layer. .Ruwa mai hakowa mai tushe yana nufin man a matsayin ruwan hakowa mai ci gaba.Tun a shekarun 1920, an yi amfani da danyen mai a matsayin ruwa mai hakowa don gujewa tare da rage faruwar yanayi masu sarkakiya a hakowa.Duk da haka, an gano a aikace cewa danyen mai yana da illa kamar haka: ƙananan ƙarfi, da wuya a dakatar da barite, babban asarar tacewa, da kuma abubuwan da ba su da kyau a cikin danyen mai na iya haifar da wuta cikin sauƙi.Sakamakon haka, sannu a hankali ya haɓaka zuwa rijiyoyin haƙo mai tushe guda biyu tare da dizal a matsayin ci gaba mai ci gaba -- duk wani ruwan hako mai da ruwan hakowa na ruwa a cikin mai.A cikin jimlar ruwan hako mai, ruwa ba shi da amfani, abin da ke cikin ruwa bai kamata ya wuce 7%.A cikin ruwan hako mai-ladle, ana rarraba ruwa daidai gwargwado a cikin man dizal kamar yadda ake bukata, kuma yawan ruwansa ya kai 10% ~ 60%.
Idan aka kwatanta da ruwa na tushen hakowa ruwa, iya man-tushe hakowa ruwa tare da high zafin jiki juriya, juriya ga gishiri, alli gurbatawa, borehole kwanciyar hankali bango, mai kyau lubricity kuma ga hydrocarbon tafki lalacewa ne da yawa karami, da sauran abũbuwan amfãni, yanzu ya zama rawar soja. wuya high zafin jiki zurfin rijiya, high Angle karkace da kuma kwance rijiyoyin da muhimmanci wajen daban-daban hadaddun samuwar, kuma za a iya amfani da ko'ina domin tabo ruwa, perforating kammala ruwa, workover ruwa da ruwa tuki zuciya.Duk da haka, farashin shirye-shiryen hako ruwan mai-base ya fi na ruwa-tushen hako ruwa, kuma idan aka yi amfani da shi, sau da yawa zai haifar da mummunar tasiri ga yanayin muhalli kusa da wurin rijiyar, kuma saurin hakowa na inji gabaɗaya ya ragu. fiye da na ruwa-tushen hako ruwa.Waɗannan illolin suna iyakance yaɗuwa da aikace-aikacen rijiyoyin haƙon mai.Domin inganta hakowa kudi, low gel man kunshin ruwa emulsion hako ruwa da aka yadu amfani daga tsakiyar 1970s.Domin kare muhallin halittu da kuma dacewa da bukatu na hako ruwa daga teku, tun daga farkon shekarun 1980, ruwa mai ɗorewa mai guba-ruwa emulsion mai hako ruwa tare da mai na ma'adinai yayin da tushen man ya shahara a hankali.A halin yanzu, duk-mai hako ruwa da aka yi amfani da ƙasa, don haka gaba ɗaya magana, mai-tushe hakowa ruwa yana nufin ruwa-in-man hakowa ruwa da man dizal ko low-mai guba ma'adinai mai (fararen man fetur) a matsayin ci gaba. lokaci.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-09-2018